“….In commercial products, it is not uncommon to see ethanol or propanol combined with other potentially effective agents such as surfactants or quaternary ammonium compounds…. Benzalkonium chloride is commonly representative for the subcategory of quaternary ammonium products. Working concentrations of the latter vary from 0.05% to 0.2%. Although there is some efficacy in short durations of treatment, large viral loads usually require several minutes of exposure or higher concentrations.
….Commercial solutions or other products not uncommonly include a combination of more than one quaternary ammonium agent or a combination of quaternary ammonium agents with other surfactants.”
- Cimolai N Disinfection and decontamination in the context of SARS-CoV-2-specific data, Journal of Medical Virology Jun 27, 2022